Bernard J. Carroll, former professor of psychiatry in Penn’s Perelman School of Medicine, died September 10 at his home in Carmel, California, from lung cancer. He was 77.

Dr. Carroll was born in Australia and graduated from the University of Melbourne in 1964 with degrees in psychiatry and medicine. When he was 28 years old, he developed a test called the dexamethasone suppression test, or DST, based in biology rather than Freudian theory. However the test never met widespread use because around that same time, how types of depression were classified changed and modern antidepressants hit the market, changing how studies were interpreted and shared and what new knowledge was pursued.

A few years later, in 1971, he came to Penn as a clinical research fellow in the department of psychiatry, and he served as an assistant professor of psychiatry 1972-1973. He went on to positions at University of Michigan and Duke, where he earned emeritus status. He served as clinical director of a geriatric hospital outside Durham, North Carolina.

Dr. Carroll is survived by his wife, Sylvia.